Which status indicates a patient has refused to schedule their appointment?

The status "Patient refusal" is the correct choice because it specifically denotes that a patient has actively decided not to proceed with scheduling their appointment. This status is critical in healthcare systems as it allows providers to track patient preferences and ensure that there is a clear understanding of the patient's desires regarding their care. When a patient indicates refusal, it can signal the need for further discussion or follow-up to address any concerns they may have, ultimately improving patient engagement.

In contrast, the other statuses do not adequately represent a refusal to schedule. "Unable to contact" suggests a lack of communication with the patient, which does not indicate their willingness or unwillingness to schedule. "Visit scheduled" indicates that an appointment has been successfully arranged, and "Pending" refers to a state where the appointment is still being arranged and has not yet been confirmed. Thus, these alternatives do not convey the distinct action of a patient choosing not to schedule their appointment, making "Patient refusal" the most accurate status in this case.